分层水资源网络及其应用

本文以水资源系统概化方法为基础，提出构建分层水资源网络的理论和方法。对不同水源运动过程进行划分，分割出包括地表供弃水、河网输水、污水排放、外调水传输和地下水等多层水源网络。通过分层网络系统描述不同物理意义的水力联系和水量平衡关系，量化不同网络水源之间的相互转换和影响，明晰了不同水源运动转化过程，从方法上简化计算过程。最后以海河流域水量平衡模拟为例，检验了其有效性。     

A dynamic linear programming approach to market allocation of renewable resources in the italian energy system: The case of solar thermal and biogas technologies

In Italy solar thermal energy and energy from biogas are two possible means of reducing dependence on energy imports. Using a multiperiod LP model (MARKAL) the authors assessed the likely potential of both technologies under various circumstances. The study covered the period 1980–2005, in five segments of five years. It focused only on the subsystem of the energy end-uses which can be substituted for by solar thermal and biogas technologies. The overall non-renewable sources which can be saved in 20 years by these technologies total 450 PJ (1 PJ = 10^{1 5} J) if the fuel prices rise at 0 per cent average annual, 1450 PJ if the fuel prices rise at 4.2 per cent average annual, 1860 PJ if the fuel prices rise at 7.2 per cent average annual and 3780 PJ if the fuel prices rise at 15 per cent average annual. However the most competitive technologies appear to be solar water heaters used mainly in the private and commercial sectors and biogas systems used mainly in the agricultural sector. The study was carried out by APRE under ENEA (formerly CNEN) contract and was intended to serve as an analytical basis for establishing an overall development and demonstration strategy for end-use renewable technologies in Italy.     

福建大樟溪流域综合规划的环境影响研究

从流域和区域对水资源需求及环境保护要求出发,提出了在大樟溪干流刘岐、岩前和莒口增设鱼道、取消船闸和航运的建议;从流域环境保护要求提出了主要水库的最小下泄流量;根据大樟溪流域人口、经济及土地资源的状况,提出了从泉州、莆田和福州等水资源受益区安置移民缓解土地资源紧张的模式来提高龙湘水库的调节库容,以提高流域及区域对水资源需求与调配能力,确保河道生态安全、生产生活用水安全等流域规划的新思路、新理念。     

水电建设工程档案信息资源的开发与利用

本文阐述工程档案信息资源开发与利用的现状、存在问题及实际效果，进一步加强工程档案编研工作，更好为水电工程建设和管理服务。     

加强地下水管理的思路与对策

地下水是水资源不可分割的组成部分,是生态和环境的主要控制因素。作为我国北方地区的主要供水水源,地下水开发规模不断增加,超采以及因超采引发的生态与环境问题日趋突出,南方部分地区特别是沿海和重要城市区,地下水开发带来的问题也越发严重。今后一个时期,要全面推进地下水资源管理,对水资源进行统一调查评价,统一规划和统一调配,加强超采区的治理,遏制地下水超采,加强地下水水质保护,防止地下水污染,逐步实现地下水采补平衡,改善生态与环境,实现地下水资源的可持续利用。     

丽水市矿产资源产业必须走可持续发展之路

丽水市的优势自然资源之一是矿产资源。本文对丽水市境内的矿产资源的优势及开发现状进行了详尽分析。在此基础上提出如何开发利用好这一资源 ,走可持续发展道路的具体措施     

Allocation of Scarce Water Resources Using Deficit Irrigation in Rotational Systems

On irrigation schemes with rotational irrigation systems in semiarid tropics, the existing rules for water allocation are based on applying a fixed depth of water with every irrigation irrespective of the crops, their growth stages, and soils on which these crops are grown. However, when water resources are scarce, it is necessary to allocate water optimally to different crops grown in the irrigation scheme taking account of different soils in the command area. Allocating water optimally may lead to applying less water to crops than is needed to obtain the maximum yield. In this paper, a three stage approach is proposed for allocating water from a reservoir optimally based on a deficit irrigation approach, using a simulation-optimization model. The allocation results with a deficit irrigation approach are compared for a single crop (wheat) in an irrigation scheme in India, first with full irrigation (irrigation to fill the root zone to field capacity) and second with the existing rule. The full irrigation with a small irrigation interval was equivalent to adequate irrigation (no stress to the crop). It is found that practicing deficit irrigation enables the irrigated area and the total crop production in the irrigation scheme used for the case study to be increased by about 30–45% and 20–40%, respectively, over the existing rule and by 50 and 45%, respectively, over the adequate irrigation. Allocation of resources also varied with soil types.     

网络技术在中州分公司计量管理工作中的应用探讨

本文通过对中州分公司正在考虑建设的信息网建设实际情况，结合山东分公司、广西分公司取得的经验，对计量管理信息网的应用进行了探讨。     

实施可持续发展战略创建环保型绿色矿山

济南钢城矿业有限公司从实际出发,通过确定合理的经济规模、合理划分开采区域、回收残留矿石,降低了资源消耗,同时积极开展水资源的保护与综合利用工作,开发全尾砂胶结充填工艺和利用渣石生产石子工艺,既解决了工业废渣污染环境问题,也为企业创造了可观的经济效益,增强了企业发展后劲,走出了一条"实施可持续发展战略,创建环保型绿色矿山"的发展之路。     

电力设计的节电途径

简要介绍了电能作为一种重要的能源在国民经济建设中的重要性和电力设计的几种节电途径。